Mideast turmoil, AI set to dominate UN gathering of world leaders

"When we see the. Russia-Ukraine war, and when we see the whole Middle East, every day things get a little bit worse," said UN Secretary-General Antonio Guterres ahead of the gathering.

"There is no improvement anywhere, and when things evolve in a way that every day things get a little bit worse, we are at a serious risk of an explosion. "Artificial intelligence will also be a key topic in talks and speeches, with itspotential threats to humanitydominating global headlines after tech leaderssounded the alarm.

An emergency Security Council meeting is set to be held on the issue.

Read:UN assembly approves mandate extension for rights chief, despite US warning"This year's UNGA could be where a plan starts to take shape to define what the world wants from industry's pledge on safety and who is responsible for monitoring it," said Nicolas Miailhe, an AI governance expert and co-founder of AI Safety Connect.

"The harder part will be agreeing on what that plan looks like and moving it into reality. "Amidfierce competitionbetween the United States and China on AI, Guterres urged more global coordination. "The world cannot afford a race to the bottom on AI safety," he said.

Behind the scenes, the world's power brokers will also be wrangling over the UN's future, seeking to thrash out a deal on a candidate to lead the organisation riven with divisions and budget black holes.

No breakthrough is expected, but the global powers wielding vetoes over the process — Britain, France, Russia, China and the US —could well use the gathering to seal a deal. Guterres's second five-year term ends on December 31, 2026 after a tenure marked by surging global conflict, the coronavirus pandemic, mounting inequality and rampant polarisation.

One European diplomat said the selection process was "not very successful so far... any kind of consensus is not emerging. "'Existential threats'The. Israeli-Palestinian conflict— from asputtering Gaza peace processto Israel'sexpansion of settlementsin theoccupied West Bank— will once again be among the divisive issues facing world leaders.

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu is expected to attend for a lightning visit, after New York Mayor Zohran Mamdani admitted he was unable to execute an International Criminal Court (ICC)arrest warrantagainst him. The Trump administration has denied US visas to Mahmoud Abbas and other Palestinian leaders for a second year.

China's President Xi Jinping will skip the diplomatic gathering and instead go straight to Washington for a state visit with Trump. Read More:UN rights chief says uncovered remains in Gaza raise concerns of war crimes.

Beijing's support for Russia and Iran will be among the thorny subjects under discussion. "China has long seen high-level week as US turf," said the International Crisis Group's Daniel Forti.

"And while the Chinese diplomats at the UN are really intentionally trying to position themselves as a more predictable and stable big power compared to Washington, our assessment is that Xi doesn't need the spotlight at high-level week to make that case," he added.

Withheat records being brokenaround the globe and extreme weather events multiplying, Guterres, as he has throughout his tenure, will continue to push for more global action againstclimate change. He will convene a meeting on Climate Action and the Just Transition, followed by a day dedicated to sea-level rise, an existential threat for low-lying island nations.

The climate and environmental harms associated with artificial intelligence — as well as its potentially catalytic benefits — are expected to figure heavily at the UN and the broader Climate Week around it in New York, an annual jamboree of activists, corporations and academics.